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Baiturrahman Mosque

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Baiturrahman Grand Mosque is one of the mosques in Kampung Baru Village, Baiturrahman District, Banda Aceh City. The people of Aceh use this mosque as a place of worship and a symbol of Islam. The Baiturrahman Grand Mosque was founded by Sultan Alauddin Mahmud Shah I in 1292 AD. The first building material consisted of wood and used a thatched roof. The Dutch briefly controlled the mosque during the raid in Aceh in 1873 under the command of General Kohler. The Baiturrahman Grand Mosque was burned by the Dutch in 1874 during the second raid. The Dutch decided to rebuild the mosque on October 9, 1879 on the advice of Snouck Horgronje. The mosque building was designed by Captain Genie Marechausse and the laying of the first stone was carried out by Tengku Malikul Adil witnessed by Dutch dignitaries. The model of the Baiturrahman Mosque reflects European and Islamic architecture. The dome of the mosque was only one until early 1935. After that the mosque was expanded to add two more domes. The dome of the mosque was increased to 5 in 1957 after the mosque was enlarged again. The Baiturrahman Grand Mosque was restored in 1979 in the Project for the Development and Maintenance of Historical and Archaeological Heritage. The plan of the mosque is square in shape with the entrance in the form of niches without doors. At the top is decorated with towers. Islamic calligraphy is displayed on the walls of the room, while on the windows and doors there are decorations of four squares, rhombuses, tendrils and flowers. The prayer hall has columns with ornate arches, leaves, and stripes. The mihrab and pulpit are decorated with leaves, flowers and vines. In front of the mosque courtyard there is a very high minaret with a rotating concrete staircase. The roof of the mosque is in the form of a dome of five pieces with a round memolo decoration at the top of the dome.[2] Baiturrahman Grand Mosque is a symbol of religion, culture, spirit, strength, struggle and nationalism of the Acehnese people. This mosque is a Banda Aceh landmark since the era of the Aceh Sultanate and survived the tsunami disaster on December 26, 2004 ago.