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LeoGlossary: Artificial Intelligence

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There are a number of definitions that are being utilized to describe what is taking place. One that seems to really fit was by John McCarthy put forth in a paper way back in 2004.

It is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. It is related to the similar task of using computers to understand human intelligence, but AI does not have to confine itself to methods that are biologically observable

This brings up the question of what is intelligence?

Here is the answer provided in that paper:

Intelligence is the computational part of the ability to achieve goals in the world. Varying kinds and degrees of intelligence occur in people, many animals and some machines.

Another topic of discussion that arises with AI is when is something (a machine) intelligent? This is where the industry seems to defer to Alan Turning and the "Turing Test". The idea here is where a machine (computer) gets to a point where the one questioning cannot determine whether it is a machine or not.

AGI versus ANI

One of the big topics of discussion relating to AI is the concept of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). AI experts are all over the board regarding this.

Some believe that AGI is possible and could be seen within a decade or two. Others are in the camp that it will take us decades to get there, with an eye on perhaps the latter part of this century. Then there are those who believe we will never see AGI and that artificial narrow intelligence (ANI) is the only thing possible.

Obviously we will have to wait this one out. However, the last few years have seen advancements that were previously thought to be unachievable.

Examples of AI

There are a lot of examples of AI already in use. To name a few are:

  • computerized stock trading programs
  • web searches
  • human speech apps
  • self driving cars
  • automated decision making programs

Today we have deep learning systems which take our machine learning engines to a more advanced levels. Architecture is such where specialized AI chips are being developed.

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